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War of Confederation 1836-1839
The War of the Confederation (Spanish: Guerra de la Confederación) was a conflict between the Peru-Bolivian Confederation and a coalition of Argentina and the United Restorative Army, composed of Chile and North Peruvian dissidents, from 1836 to 1839. The creation of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation under Andres de Santa Cruz started a power struggle in southern South America, with Chile and Argentina independently invading the Confederation to protect their interests, fearing the potential political, military, and economic power of the new state. Argentina was defeated in 1837, but the conflict continued for two years until United Restoration Army victory following the Battle of Yungay, resulting in the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, the exile of Santa Cruz, and the restoration of Peru and Bolivia as separate countries. Cross for Socabaya 1836 In 1835, a factional war took place in Peru, and Bolivian troops were sent into that country by President Andres de Santa Cruz They were victorious over the forces of Augustin Gamarra, at Socabaya, Peru, February 7, 1836. About this time Chile sent troops to reinforce the forces of Peru. After three years of warfare, the Bolivian forces were eventually defeated at Yungay during June, 1839, and Santa Cruz was exiled. The Bolivian decoration for the Battle of Socabaya, is a 41mm white-enameled star of five double-points with finial ball tips, superimposed on a green oak leaf wreath. The silver version omits the enamel finishes. The obverse center medallion bears the curved inscription, DI LA PAZ AL PERU, surrounding a condor with a laurel wreath in its beak. The center of the reverse bears the circular inscription, EN SOCABAYA A 7 E FEBRERO, with the two-straight line inscription, DE 1836 in the center. There is also a larger 44mm silver variant. ![]() 41mm Silver Cross for Socabaya ![]() 44mm Silver Cross Variant for Socabaya ![]() Socabaya Military Medal Socabaya Military Medal 1836 The 35.2mm, silver medal honors the patriots for the victory at the Battle of Socabaya on February 7, 1836. The central obverse depicts a perched condor with the curved inscription, HONOR Y PATRIA above and the reverse is circumscribed, EN SOCOABAY A 7 DE FEBRERO and DE 1836 in the center. ![]() Socabaya Military Medal Battle of Socabaya Military Medal 1836 The oval silver medal 33mm X 28mm, was awarded for the victory at the battle of Socabaya and the submission of Callao. The obverse design features a soldier besieging tower adopted from the Medal for Callao 1826, the curved legend reads, RENDIDO EL CALLAO AL VALOR SIN EJEMPLO. The reverse is inscribed, EN SOCABAYA A 7 DE FEBRERO DE 1836. ![]() Peace Medal for Socabaya Peace Medal for Socabaya 1836 The 33.5mm X 25mm oval medal was issued in silver or bronze. The obverse depicts an oval of rays and dots, within which is a dove holding a laurel branch in its beak, and below DI LA PAZ AL PERU. On the reverse, within palm and laurel branches, is an oval inscribed EN SOCABAYA A 7. DE FEBRER DE 1836. A variant of this medal has on the obverse the arms of Bolivia, above which is LA PATRIA PREMIA UN BUEN SERVICIO, while a third variety has on the obverse the combined arms of Bolivia and Peru with a reverse similar to the initial obverse described above. There is a slighter smaller variant measuring 33mm X 25mm variant. There is also a third variant 33mm X 27mm below, reflecting the arms of Bolivia and Peru on the reverse above nine small stars. ![]() Peace Medal for Socabaya Third Variant ![]() Peace Medal with Suspension Ribbon Cross of Peru 1836 This decoration, awarded after the Peru-Bolivian Alliance of 1836–1839, is classed by some writers with a Peruvian war decorations. It is a cross of five arms, 55mm, enameled white, having in the center medallion a figure of a condor with a wreath in gold on a blue field, encircled by a white band inscribed in gold, DI LA PAZ AL PERU. On the reverse, in gold on a blue field, is A NO 1836, encircled by a band inscribed GRATITUD AL EJERCITO BOLIVIANO. The ribbon is red, white and green of equal stripes. A variant has the curved inscription on the reverse, EN SOCABAYA 7 DE FEBRERO and in the center, DE 1836. ![]() Cross for Peru ![]() Cross for Peru Variant Medal for Southern Army 1838 This was awarded for the campaign in southern Peru, during 1838, when General Sucre had obtained control over part of that country. It is an oval, silver medal, 30mm X 25mm, having on the plain obverse VALOR LEALTAD Y CONSTANCIA and on the reverse, within a beaded border, HONOR AL EJERCITO DEL SUD 1838. ![]() Medal for the Southern Army Medal for the Peruvian-Bolivian Confederation 1838 The silver, circular medal depicts an allegorical figure holding a palm and a cornucopia circumscribed, NOS DAS LA GLORIA Y LA PAZ 1838. The reverse depicts a radiant sun over the Mountain of Potosí, inscribed, AL VENCELOR D YANACOCHA SOCABAYA Y PACIFICADO EN *AUCA***ATA and circumscribed, NOSOTROS EL CORAZON DEPARTAMENTO D POTOSI. ![]() Medal for the Peruvian-Bolivian Confederation 1838
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